Type-writing machine.



A. W. SMITH.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1 905. 958,778. Patented May 24, 1910.

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Hi5 A TTEIRN EY Patented May 24, 1910.

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TT RN A. W. SMITH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1905.

Patented May 24, 1910.

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7rxfmafi 1-h5 TTEIRNEY A. W. SMITH.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1905.

958,778. Patented May 24, 1910.

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INVENTEIFM 'I-IIEI TTCJFQNEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR W. SMITH, NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO YOST WRITING MACZ-IINECOMPANY. OF ILION, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

'rrra:wnrrnvor- MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patented May 24., 191 0.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR-V. SMITH, citizen of the United States, andresident of the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county ofNew Yorkand State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is aspecification. a

My invention relates to typewriting machines and more particularly tothe type actions thereof, and one of the objects of said invention is toprovide alight and-efficient type action which is speedy in operationand wherein there is a uniform leverage and a uniform extent of dip ordepression of the keys throughout the system. To the above and otherends which will hereinafter appear, my invention consists in "thefeatures of' construction, arrangements of parts and combinations ofdevices to be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference characters indicatecorresponding parts in the various views, Figure 1 is a vertical fronttorear sectional view of a sufficient number of parts of a typewritingmachine to illustrate, my invention in itsapplication thereto. Fig. 2 isa detail side view of one of the key levers. shown depressed. Fig. 3-isa vertical transverse sectional view taken on the line .rm of Fig. 1 andlooking in the direction of the arrow at said line, and with some of theparts broken away to better illustrate other features of theconstruction. Fig. .4 is a detail perspective view, with parts brokenaway, of the detachable auxiliary frame carrying the segments on whichthe type actionsare supported. Fig. '5 is adiagrammatic side elevationof a series of key levers and the actuating bell cranks connectedthereto. Fig. 6 is an enlargeddetail side elevation of one of the typebar actuating bell cranks. ,Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail side elevationof one of the type bar actuating bell cranks and the hanger therefor,the hanger and the segment to which it is secured being shown insection. Fig. 8 is a detail longitudinal'sectional view of one of thejointed type bars, the view being taken on the line fl/ fl/ of Fig. 9and looking in the direction of the arrow at said line and illustratinga type bar in printing position. Fig. 9 is an edge View of a type barwhen the parts are in the printing position, the view looking in thedirection of the arrow in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a fragmentary portion ofone of the key levers. Fig. 11 is a detail top plan view of oneof the,hangers for the type bar actuating bell cranks, the segment-to whichsaid hanger is secured being shownin section.

The main frame of themachine comprises a base 1 with side-portions orplates 2 and a rear end 3; a suitable top plate 4. being cured to theside members and rear end of the frame. .An auxiliary detachable frame5, which is shown in detail in Fig. 4:, comprisesa front lowermostsegment (3, a second segment 7 above the segment 6 and a segment 8 whichsupports the type bar actuating levers or drivers in place. Thesesegments are united by any suitable means independent of the main frameand are preferably formed as a single casting. The forwardlyprojectingarms 9 of the auxiliary frame have tapped openings in which headedscrews 10 are received. The screws 10 secure in place a comb plate 11which receives the key levers 12 in the openings 13 in order to properlyspace the lovers at their forward ends and guide them in theirmovements. Rearwardly projecting arms l-l of the auxiliary frame 5 areprovided with bearing openings 15 to receive a shaft or hearing rod 16which may be supported and fixed in the arms so that the rod mayconstitute a bearing on which the rear ends of the key levers arepivotally supported. The connection between the key levers and thebearing rods 16 is preferably formed by a loop or bearing 17 at one endof a leaf rod so as to be free to turn thereon and to form spacing meansfor maintaining the key levers properly spaced apart at their rear ends.Each of the springs 18 tapers from the rear bearing loop 17 to the frontend thereof, as shown in Figs. 3 and 10. so that the springs will notinterfere with each other when the key levers are actuated. The forwardend of each leaf spring 18 is prefem hly apertured at 19 to receiveupwardly pro ect ing rivets 20 that extend from the upper spring 18,said loop surrounding the bearing enlarged detail perspective view ofthe rear edge of the main body portion 21 of an assoc'fiat'ed key lever12. The forward end of the body portion of each key lever carries anupwardly extending finger key 22 that may be riveted to the body portionas indicated at 23. The body portion of each key lever may have anupwardly extending member 24 that is received in one of the openings 13in the comb plate. Each key lever has an upwardly extending connectingor draw link 25 pivoted thereto at 26 and the upper end of the link ispivoted at 27 to hell crank or angular-type bar actuating lever 28.

From an inspection of Fig. 3 it will be seen that the draw links 25 areof progressively greater lengths from the center to the sides of thesystem so as to cooperate with the different bell cranks 28which are segmentally arranged. Each bell crank has two openings 29 and 30 therein,said openings extending transversely therethrough and constituting ineffect a single substantially V- shaped opening that forms pivotalbearings -at the upper ends thereof. Thus, the upper end 31 of the slotor opening 29 constitutes a bearing or seat for coiiperation with afixed pivot 32, while the upper end 33 of the slot 30 constitutes abearing seat for a fixed pivot 34 and each slot 29 or 30 is concentricwith the-pivot that is received in the other slot. For instance, theslot 29 corresponds to an arc of which 34 is the center, whereas, theslot 30 corresponds to an arc of which the v pivot 32 is the center. Thepivots 82 and 34 extend through the openings 29 and 30 in the bell crankand are riveted at their ends, as at 34*, to the bifurcated arms 35 ofthe individual hangers 36 as indicated in Fig. 11. Each hanger 36 ispreferably split so as to provide a bifurcated portion, between the arms35 of which an actuating bell crank may be seated and connected theretoby the pivots 32 and 34 in the-manner described. Projecting rearwardlyfrom each hanger 1s a cylindrical hanger stem 37 which extends throughan opening 38 in the segment 6.- The rear end of the stem is threadedfor cooperation with a nut 39 that has a slot 40 for cooperation with ascrew driver in order to secure the hanger in place.

It will be understood that the forward end of the nut bears against therear face of the segment 6 and draws the shouldered portion 41 of thehanger against the front face of the segment and thus securely holds thehanger in position on the segment. lVhen the nut 39 is loosened itaffords an adjustment of the hanger and the associated bell crank arounda center defined by the longitudinal axis of the hanger stem, whichadjustment I refer to herein as a pivotal adjustment. This' method ofmounting the hangers 36 facilitates the assemblage of the parts andenables the bell cranks to be adjusted in parallel vertical planes,although they are disposed at progressively greater heights from thecenter to the sides of the seams system, or, in other words, they arevertically and segnientally arranged as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The leaf springs 18 and body portions 21 together constitute key levers12 which are pivoted on the rod 16 so that all of the key levers arepivoted at their rear ends in a single transverse plane, whereas, theforward ends of the levers extend to different distances toward thefrontof the machine and the key stems vary in height. The key leversthus provide four different banks of keys 22 arranged fore and aft ofthe machine in different transverse rows; all of the key levers for thesame bank of keys being of the same length, and from an inspection ofFig. 5 it will be understood that the cdnnecting links 25 are connectedto the key levers and to the bell cranks at ditlerent'drstances fore andaft of the machine depending on the length of the key levers. Thus, forinstance, all of the shortest key levers, that have their keys inthefourth bank counting from the front of the machine, are connected tolinks at points farthest from the fulcrums of the key levers and areconnected to the bell cranks at the farthest points from the fulcrumsthereof and nearest the outer ends of the forwardly projecting arms ofthe bell -levers of the fourth bank of keys and the points of connectionbetween the links 25 and the key levers of this row and their respectivebell cranks are nearer the fulcrum s of the key levers and bell cranks.The key levers of the second row of keys are longer than those of thethird and fourth rows of keys and the for the second row are nearer thefulcruzns of the key levers and sub-levers, Whereas, the key levers forthe first row of keys are longest and the links 25 are connected theretonearer the fulcrums of the key levers and are connected to the bellcranks nearer the fu'lcrums thereof than any of the key levers of theother rows of keys. The pu ose of this construction is to compensate orthe difference in length of the various key levers and to equalize theleverage throughout the system of type bars and to provide a uniformextent of dip of the various fin er keys, notwithstanding the differencein ength of the various key levers. Extending upwardly andrearwardlyfrom the upright arms of the sub-levers or bell cranks areaseries of segmentally arranged draw links 42 which are pivoted at theirforward ends to the sublevers as indicated at 43 and are pivotallyconnected at their rear ends at 44 to crank arms 45 of the type baractuating levers or drivers 46. These drivers are each pivoted at 47 toa hanger 48 that has its depending stem 49 secured to the rear face ofthe segpoints of connection between the links 25 and the key levers andbell cranks ment 8 by two headed screws 50th: pass freely through openinin the stem of the -hanger and screw at t ir forward ends in the tappedopenings 51 in the segment. Each of the drivers has anear 52 thatis;pertorated to receive one end of a restoring spring 53, the forwardend of said spring being secured to the associated draw link 42 so thatthe tendency of said contractile restoring spring is to draw the forwardend of the associated actuator or driver 46 down and to elevate the keylever by effecting a rearward pull on the upwardly directed arm of theassociated sub-lever 28.

Each actuator 46 is received between two plate-like members 5st that aremaintained spaced apart by shouldered rivets to form a type bar proper55; and the actuator is pivoted at to said type bar proper intermediatethe ends thereof as indicated in 1 and 8. The front end of each type baris pivoted at 57 to a guide link 58, which in turn is pivoted at itsupper end on a pivot wire 59 seated in a longitudinal groove 59 in thesegment 7, each guide link working in a transverse guiding slot 60insaid segment. A. finger or abutment 61 projects from each actuator ordriver to beyond thepivotal connection and this abutment cooperates withan abutment ()2 which is formed by a shouldered rivet between the sidemembers 54 of the type bar. The cooperation between the two abutments 1and (32 takes place just before the type bar reaches the printingposition so that after the abutments are brought into cooperation thetype bar proper 55 and its assoclated actuator or driver 46 will movetogether one around the pivot 47 of the driver, the linger or abutment(31 being received be tween the side plates or members 5 5, thuspreventing any relative lateral play or movement between the actuatorand type bar and tending to further stiffen the type bar at the lastportion of the printing stroke.

. From an inspection of the dotted line showing of a type action inFig. 1. it will he understood that the construction and arrangement ofthe parts of each action are such that a bending of the finger 1 iseffective to lengthen or shorten the distance between the type and thepivot 47 and thus adjust the type up or down when the parts of the tvpeaction are in the printing position. filing away a part of the linger 1the distance in question is shortened and a correspondingadjustment (itthe type etl'ectcd.

blo k i i is received between the side plates or members 54 of each typebar at the free end thereof. the side plates and block being rivetedtogether at ($4. The block extends beyond the free end of the tvpe barproper where it is provided with an opening 65 (Fig. 9) which is shapedto receive it will likewise be observed that by" a conoidal stem 66 thatextends from the rear face of the. type block (37, the Steinbeingdisposed opposite one of the types, preferably the lower case type 68.

From an inspection ofFig. 8 it will be 0h- 7 served that theconstruction and disposition of the parts is such that when the typebaris in printing position the pivotal connection 57 between the guidelink 58 and an end of line drawn through the pivots l7 and 59 of theassociated guide link and a'ctuatorrespcctively as indicated by thedotted line a in Fig. 8. It is important that substantially thisdisposition of the parts be maintained so in order that the type bar maystrike with full force during the printing stroke and in order that thetype bar proper 55 and its driver 46 may swing together as one partportion of the printing stroke.

A segmental inking pad 9 is supported with its inkingt'ace inclined in ametallic trough or support 69 that rests on bracket certain of thescrews 50whi'ch secure the hangers 48th the segment 8, so that theinking pad is supported above said segmentinpart by the brackets 70 andin part by the hangers 48 and thus the type res-t or inking 95. pad issupported by the segment 8. The type bars normally rest with theprinting faces of the types against the inking pad and in the movementof a type actidn to the scribes a path of movement indicated by. thedottedliine b in Fig. 1; that is to say, it moves first upwardly andforwardly and then rearwardly in a substantially horizontal direction toimpact with the platen 71 which is diagrannnatically shown in Figs. 1'and S. The platen may be shifted for upper and lower case printing byany suitable means. In moving to the printing position the type block isreceived in a fixed type guide 72 that is supported at its lower end onthe top plate of the machine. The inner walls of the central opening inthe type guide are beveled as at 73 for cooperation guide it in itsmovement to the printingposition. and the left hand side of the typeguide is cut away at 74 in order that the last written letter orcharacter may be presented to the view of the operator when thecarriage' is fed to the left a letter space distance. There is thereforeno appreciable obstruction of the operators View of the printed matterby the type guide, IIOtWltlh standing the fact that it surrounds thetype block on all sides to properly direct it to the printing position.

It is desirable not only to connect the key levers of difl'erent lengthsat different points in the sub-levers 28 as shown, in the diagram thetype bar proper 55is slightly above a 5 around the pivot 47 as a centerat the last 35 arms 70 which may be secured in place by o printingposition the lowercase type de- 100 with the side walls of the typeblock to 115 in Fig. 5, but it is also desirable to arrange I qthe keylevers of the first row of keys '(counting from the front of themachine) are at one height in normal position thereof, whereas the keylevers of the second row of keys are at a slightl greater elevation inthe normal position t erect, and the key levers of the third row of keysare slightly higher than those of the second'row and the key levers ofthe fourth row of keys are at the greatest height. In other words thekey levers have their keys arranged in four banks and adjacent keylevers have their keys in different banks and are of diiierent lengthsand arranged at different heights (see Figs. 1 and 3).- Nevertheless,the keys 22 0f all the key levers have the same extent of depression ordip as is indicated by the full and dotted line showing of the keys inFig. 5.

' A universal bar extends transversely beneath the various key levers atabout the center ot the points of eonnectionoi the links 25 to the keylevers as indicated in Fig. 5; The upper edge of the universal bar isspaced apart from the lowermost key levers for, say, about one sixteenthof an inch so that there isa free movement of all of the key leversbefore the universal bar is taken up and movement transmittedtherethrough to the escapement mechanism. The key levers are arranged insets of four from side to side of the machine and the levers of each setare at progressively greater distances from the universal bar from oneside of the set to the other. The key levers bein at difierentdistancesfrom the universal ar,

of course, have different. extents of free movement before the universalbar is taken up, the extent of free movement defpending upon thedistance or" the key levers roin the universal bar in the initialpositions of the key levers; but the universal bar is, nevertheless,depressed to the same extent b all of-the key levers, inasmuch as theyal are depressed to the same plane as indicated by the dotted line 0 inFig. 5.

. The actuation of the escapernent mechanism is always the sameirrespective of the key lever depressed and irrespective of thedifferent initial positions of the key levers, inasmuch as the universalbar is taken up and depressed to the same extent by the different keylevers and the escapement mechanism, actuated through the universal bar,is always actuated in the same manner irrespective of the key leverdepressed. The

ongest key levers, that scares is normally in the lowest position whenat rest be actuated. mLhe universal bar 75 is connected at its ends toside arms 7 6 which in turn are rigidlyconnected to a rock shaft 77 thatturns on bearing screws 77 received in the base of the machine and arestoring spring 75 cooperates with one of said arms to normallymaintain the universal bar in theelevated position. A rearwardlyextending arm 78 rejects from the shaft 77 and the end of t is arm isconnected to an upwardly extending link 79 that in turn isconnected to aforwardly extending crank arm 80 of a dog rocker 81 pivoted at 82 andcarrying the usual feed dog 83 which cooperates with a feed rack 84.carried by the carriage (not shown). I have merely shown a conventionalform of escapement and it should be understood that any suitableescapement mechanism may be employed. By actuating the universal bar inthe manner described, I am enabled to effect an almost complete printingmovement of. the type action before the universal bar is taken up sothat the escapementmechanism will not retard the type action, the weightof the escapernent mechanism not being added to the type action untilthe momentum necessary for the printing stroke has been acquired.

By employing the leaf springs 18, each connected at one end to a bodyportion 21 of the key lever 12 and each pivoted at its rear end, I amenabled to obtain a soft, easy and resilient touch that. automaticallyaccommodates itself to the stroke of the operator whether the operatorsstroke be a quick, sharp blow or a long following stroke. Thus,- ii"ytheoperator should have a quick, shar blow or touch, the power applied tothe nger key may cause the leaf spring 18 to be bent slightly before thedifierent parts of the type action have been set in motion. At theinltial portion of the stroke, a quick, sharp blow transmitted with afinger key will cause the body of the keylever to turn on a pivot 26andslightly flex the associated spring 18 so that the full weight orresistance of setting the different parts of the type action-in motionis not given back to the finger of the operator. If, on the other hand,the operator should have a long, following stroke which tends to pressthe key h.

after the type bar has reached the printing osition, then the bodyportion 21 of the rey lever will turn on the pivot 26 after the type barhas reached the printing position and will cause a fiection of theassociated spring 18 and the sudden shock'or jar incident to the arrestof the type ha'r b .the' platen will not be transmitt to the ger of theoperator. Thus it will be seen that each type act-ion accommodatesitself to the touch' of dili'ei ent operators and aiiords an easy andsoft action which is devoid of shock or jar either at the initialportion of lever-and its associated link 25.

against its tension.

the stroke, when the parts are being set in motion, or at the end of thestroke, When the type bar has reached the printing position. Theflection of the spring 18 at the terminal portion of the stroke isillustrated in Fig. 2 from which it will be seen that the point 26,being arrested by the "type bar contacting with the platen, a furtherdepression of the key will turn the body portion of the lever on thepivot 26 and will flex the, spring As soon'as the undue pressure isrelieved the spring'will tend to straighten itself and the parts of thekey lever assume their normal relations.

By providing two pivots 32 and 84 for each sub-lever or bell crank 28 toturn on I am enabled to accelerate the type bar during its movement fromthe normal to the printing position and to afford an easy action at theinitial portion of the stroke. Thus, when the parts are in. thenormalposition the sub-lever 28-will be in the full line position representedin Figs. 5 and 7, with the longest extent of leverage on the arm 28*,the leverage being from the pivot 34 to the point of connection27between said As the key lever is depressed, the sub-lever will turn onthe pivot 34 until the type bar has acquired its momentum and will shiftfrom the bearing 3334 to the pivot 32 when the upper bearing Wall orportion 31 of the slot 29 is brought into contact with said. pivot sothat during the last portion of the stroke the bell. crank will vibratearound the pivot 32, and the leverage is from the ivot 32 to the pointof connection 27, therey shortening the leverage on the arm 28 of thebell crank and accelerating the movement of the type bar at the lastportion of the printing stroke. Fig. 6 illustrates the position of thesub-lever when it is just about to change from the pivot 34 to the pivot32, and this is at approximately one- ]half. of the length of movementof the subever.

By my construction it will be seen that every member or part of eachtype action is carried by the frame 5, that the different segmentsconstitute parts thereof, and that this frame may be readily secured toor removed from the mainframe of the machine by four headed screws 85that extend through the main frame at each side thereof and take attheir inner ends into threaded openings 86 in the supportin frame 5. Bythis construction I am enable to mountand adjust the several portions ofthe various type actions of the system in the supporting frame 5therefor outside of the main frame of the machine, thereby greatlyfacilitating the assen'iblage of the )arts, and after they are allassembled in place on the frame 5, said frame may be secured in the mainframe of the machine by the four screws 85. This construction greatlyfacilitates the manufacture of the machine and enables repairs to bereadily effected without dismounting various individual parts of theconstruction in order to gain access to the part or parts to be replacedor repaired.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that the pivotalconnection between the guide link and type bar of each action, the fixedpivot of the guide link and the fixed pivot of'the driver aresubstantially in thesame plane when the type is in the printingposition; or as it might be otherwise expressed, the pivotal end of eachtype bar,jthe fixed pivot of the associated guide link and the fixedpivot of the associated driver are substantially in a straight; lineextending fore and aft-of the machine when the type bar is in theprinting position. It will also be'observed that the operative points"of connections of the type bar actuating devices with the key vers arein different transverse planes; that the operative connections to thekey, levers from said actuatin devices are also in dif ferent transversep anes, and that all ofthe points of operative connection to the keylevers of the same length from said type bar actuating devices are inthe same transverse plane.

While I have described my invention with considerable detail'it shouldbe understood that various features thereof may be employed withoutother features of the invention, and that various changes maybe madewithout departing, from the. spirit of 'my invention. v

hat I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is r 1. In atypewriting machine, the combination of a type carrier, a finger key,and an intermediate sub-lever that turns on a plurality of pivotalcenters at each printing operation to afford a change in the leverageduring the operation of said sub-lever.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type carrier, a fingerkey, and an intermediate bell crank that turns or a plurality of pivotalcenters to afford a change in the leverage during the movement ofsaid,bell crank.

3; In av typewriting machine, the combination of a key lover, a typecarrier, and an intermediate bell'crank operatively con-- nected to saidkey lever and type carrier and turning on a plurality of fixed torsduring the movement of sai bell crank to afford a change of leverageduring the depression of the key lever.

4-. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a key lever, a typecarrier, a sublevcr that turns on a plurality of fixed pivols art-eachprinting operation, and links-that connect the sub-lever to the typecarrier and key lever.

ivotal cem' 5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a-key lever,a type carrier, a bell crank .that turns on a plurality of fixed pivotsand afi'ords an automatic change of leverage during the-operationthereof, and links that connect the bell crank to the type carrier andkey lever. I l

6. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a series ofsegmentally arranged type bars, a series of finger keys therefor, and aseries of intermediate bell cranks operatively connected to said typebars and finger keys and each turning on a plurality of fixed pivots andaffording a change of leverage during the operation of the bell cranks.

7. In a front strike typewriting machine,i

the combination of a series of segmentally arranged type bars, a seriesof key levers therefor, a series ofintermediate bell cranks each turningon a plurality of fixed pivots and affording a change of leverage duringthe operation of the'bcll cranks, a series of links connecting the keylevers to the bell cranks, and a series of links intermediate the hellcranks and type bars.

8. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a series ofsegmentally arranged type bars, a series of key-levers therefor, aseries of segmentally arranged intermediate bcll.cranks, a series ofhangers for said bell cranks, each bell crank turning on a plurality offixed pivots on its as sociatcd hanger and affording a change ofleverage during the printing operation.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type carrier, a keylever therefor, an intermediate actuating device between the key leverand type carrier, and'an individual hanger for said actuating device,the pivotal connection between said actuat; ing device and hanger beingeffected by a plurality of pivots that aii'ord a change of everageduring each operation of the actuating device.

10. In a typcwriting machine, the combination of a type carrier, afinger key therefor, an intermediate bell crank between. the finger keyand type carrier and operatively connected thereto, and an individualhanger for said bell crank, said hell crank and said hanger beingconnected by a plurality of pivots that af ord a change of leverageduring the operation of the bell crank.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type carrier, afinger key therefor, an intermediate actuating device, and a hangertherefor, one of said actuating device and hanger elements beingbifurcated to receive the other and one of said elements havin aplurality of pivots with which the ot or e ement cooperates to afiord achange of leverage and an acceleration of the type bar as it approachesthe printing position.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type carrier a fingerkey therefor, an intermediate bell crank operatively connected to thefinger key and type carrier, and a hanger for said bell crank one ofsaid bell crank and hanger elements being bifurcatcd to receive theother and one of said elements having a plurality of pivots with whichthe other element cooperates to aiiord a hanger for said bell crank, oneof said bell crank and hanger elements beingbifurcated to recelve theother and one of said elements "having a plurality of pivots with whichthe other elcmentcoiiperates to afford a change ,of leverage, and meansfor affording an axlal adjustment of said hanger.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of atype bar, a separatetype bar actuating device'operative to move the type bar to the printingposition, and a bifurcated hanger that receives said device and whichhas a plurality of pivots with which the device cooperates to afford. anautomatic change of leverage during the operation thereof and anacceleration of the type bar as it approaches the printing position.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar, a separatetype bar actuating bell crank operative to move the type bar to theprinting position, and a bifurcated hanger which receives said bellcrank and which has a plurality of pivots that connect the bell cran tothe hanger and with which the bell crank coiiperates to afford anautomatic change of leverage during.

the operation thereof and an acceleration of the type bar as itapproaches the printing position.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar, a type baractuating device, a fixed support therefor having a plurality ofstationary ivots; said actuating device being mount to fulcrum first onone stationary pivot and then on another, the said actuating devicebeing slotted concentrically with said stationary pivots.

17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ty bar actuating bellcrank, and a hanger t erefor one of said elements having a plurality ofslots and. the other having a plurality of pivots contained insaidslots, so that the bell crank rides first on one pivot and then onanother to eii'cct an automatic change of levera e.

18. In a typewriting mac inn, the combination of a'type bar a separatety e liar actuating bell crank having a, plurality of slots therein andoperative to move the type bar tothe printing position, a bifurcatedhanger that' receives said-bell crank in the bifurcated portion thereof,and a. plurality ofpivots that extend from side to side of thebifurcated portion of the hanger and through'the slots in'the bell crankand afford a; change of leverage of the bell'crank during'the operationthereof and an accelerated movement of the type bar as it approaches theprinting position.

19. In a typewriting machine. the combi-,

' of the bifurcated portion of the hanger and through the slots inthebell crank and unite said bell crank and hangef, each of the slots inthe bell crank being concentric with a pivot other than the onecontained therein, whereby the bell crank is adapted to turn first onone pivot and then on another to effect an automatic change of leverageduring the movement of the bell crank.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar actuatingdevice having a. substantially V-shaped pivot-receiving opening therein,and a fixed support having two pivots that are received in said opening.

21; In a typewriti'ng machine. the combination of a type bar actuatinglever having a substantially V-shaped pivot-receiving opening therein,and a fixed-hanger having two pivots that are received in said opening.

In atypewriting machine, the combination of a type bar actuating bellcrank lever having a substantially V-shaped pivotreceiving openingtherein, and a bifurcated hanger that receives said bell crank and hastwo ivots that extend through said substantially V-shaped opening.

23. In a typewriting machine, tl1e;con1bination of a type bar actuatingbell crank having a substantially V-shaped pivot-receiving openingtherein, a bifurcated hanger that receives said bell crank and has twopivots that extend through said substantially V-shaped opening, a keylever operativeiy connected to said bell crank. and .a type bar alsooperatively connected to said bell crank.

24. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a seriesof segmentally arranged type bars, a series of key levers therefor. anda series of segmentally arranged bell cranks operatively connected tothe type bars and key levers and each having two pivots on which itturnsduring the depression of its key lever to afford an auto- 26. In atypewriting machine. the combination of a type bar, a rigid key levertherefor, and a leaf spring connected at one end to the key lever andhaving a pivotal bearing at the other end around which the key leverturns.

27. In a ty 3 writing machindthe combination of a tying bar, a rigid keylever therefor, and a leaf spring riveted at one "end to the key leverand having a pivotal bearing formed fromthe spring at the other endthereof and on which the key lever turns.

28. Iii-a typcwriting machine. the combination of a pivotrod, a seriesof $L)1'i i, jS

having pivotal bearings cooperating r'itn said pivot rod. a series ofkey bearing bars rigidly connected to said springs so that the pivotalbearings for the springs constitute pivotal centers on which the keyhearing bars vibrate. and type bars operatively connected to said keybearing bars.

29. In a typewriting machine. the coinbination of a pivot rod. a seriesof springs having pivotal bearings formed therefrom and which surroundand cooperate with said pivot rod. a series of key hearing bars rigidlyconnected to said springs so that the pivotal bearings for the springsconstitute pivotal centers on which the key bearing bars vibrate. andtype bars operatively connected tosaid key bearing bars.

30. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pivot rod. a seriesof leaf springs having pivotal bearing loops formed therefrom aiid whichsurround and cooperate with said pivot rod, a series of key bearing barsrigidly connected to said springs so that the pivotal bearing loops ofthe springs maintain the key bars spaced apart and constitnte pivotalconnections on which the key bearing bars vibrate. and type barsoperatively connected to said'key bearing bars.

31'. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pivot rod, a seriesof leaf springs having their rear ends bent to form pivotal loops orbearings that surround the pivot rod and turn thereon. the said bearingloops being wider than the body portions of the ed to said springs, typebars. and means connected to said keys for actuating said type bars.

32. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pivot rod. :1 seriesof tapering leaf springs having their rear epds bent to form pivotalloops or bearings that sur-- round the pivot rod and turn thereon. the

said bearing loops being wider than the body portions of the springs.key bearing liars connected to the forward end of said springs. thebearing loops of the springs constituting means for maintaining the keybearing bars properly spaced apart. type bars, and means connected tosaid key hearing bars for actuating said type bars.

33. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a key bearing bar, aseparate spring connected at one end to the bar and pivoted at itsopposite end so as to constitute a pivotal connection on which the keyhear ing bar and spring turn, a type bar, and connection from the keybearing bar to the type bar.

34-. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a jointed type barcomprising a type-carrying portion, a guide link and a pivoted driver towhich said type-carrying portion is pivoted, and means arranged to comeinto play at the final portion of the printing stroke to form a rigidconnection between the type-carrying portion and said driver, wherebythe type-carrying portion ceases to turn about its pivotal connectionwith the driver and swings about the pivot of the driver.

35. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a jointed type barcomprising a type-carrying portion and a pivoted driver to which saidtype-carrying portion is pivoted, and means on said driver normallyremoved from said type-carrying portion but adapted to move intocontact-therewith dur" ing the last portion only of the printing strokeof the type bar.

36. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a jointed type bar,of a driver, an abutment-on the driver, and a cotiperating abutment onthe type bar proper, said abutments coiiperating during the printingmovement to-rigidly connect the parts to move together as one part.

37. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a jointed type bar,of a driver, an abutment on thc-driver, and a cooperating abutment onthe type bar proper, which abutments are brought into cotiperativerelation during the last portion of the printing stroke.

38. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar proper, aguide link therefor, an actuator, an abutmentcarried by the actuator,and a cooperating abutment carried by the type bar proper.

39, In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar proper, aguide link therefor, an actuator, an abutment carried by the actuator.and a cooperating abutment carried by the type bar proper, said abutm sbeing brought into. cooperative relation during the last. portion of the)rinting stroke so as to form in effect a rigic bar'of the actuator andtype bar proper at the last.

5!) portion. of the printing movement.

40. In a typcwriting machine, the combination of a link pivoted atone-end to a fixed rtion of the machine, a type bar pivoted atone end tothe free end of said link, an actuator pivoted to the t pe barintermediate the ends thereof, an a utment on the actuator, and acooperating abutment on the type bar.

41. In a typewriting machine, the. combination of a link pivoted at oneend to a fixed ortion of the machine, a type bar pivoted at one end tothe free end of said link, an actuator pivoted to thetype barintermediate the ends thereof, an abutment on the actuator, and acooperating abutment on the type bar, said abutments being brought intocooperative relation during the last portion of the printing stroke soas to form in effect a rigid bar of the actuator and type barv proper atthe last portion of the printing movement.

42. In a typewriting machine, the combinationof a link pivoted 'at oneend to a fixed portion of the machine, a typebar pivoted at one end tothe free end of said link, an actuator pivoted to the type barintermediate of the ends thereof, an abutment on the actuator thatextends beyond the pivotal connections between the type bar andactuator, and a cooperating abutment on the type bar.

43. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a link pivoted at oneend to a fixed portion of the machine, a type bar pivoted at one end tothe free end of said link and having type fixed against movementthereon, an actuator in the form of a bell crank pivoted to the type barintermediate the ends thereof, anabutment on the actuator that extendsbeyond the pivotal connections between the type bar and actuator, and acooperating abutment on the type bar.

44. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar having twoparallel sides spaced apart and an abutment secured to and extendingbetween said sides, a key operated driver or actuator pivoted to thetype bar intermediate of the ends thereof and between the sides of thetype bar and having an abutment that cooperates with the abutmenton thetype bar, and a guide link pivoted at one end to a fixed portion of themachine and at its opposite end to one end of the type bar.

In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type her having twoparallel sides spaced apart and an abutment secured to and extendingbetween said sides, a key operated driver or actuator pivoted to thetypchar intermediate of the ends thereof and between the sides ofthetype bar and havin an extension or finger that cooperates Witfi theabutment on the type bar at the last portion of the printing stroke, aguide link pivoted at one end to a fixed portion of the machinc'and atits opposite end to one end of the type bar, whereby during the lastportion of the printing stroke the driver and type bar form in effect arigid bar that turns on the pivot of the driver as a center.

46. In a typewriting machine, the combination of atype her having twoparallel sides spaced apart and an abutment secured to and extendingbetween said sides, a type fixed against movement on said type bar, adriver or actuator pivoted to the type bar intermediate of the endsthereof andbetween the sides of the type bar and having an extension orfinger that coiiperates with the abutment on the type bar at the lastportion of the printing stroke, a guide link pivoted at one end to afixed portion of the machine and at its opposite end to one end of thetype bar, whereby during the last portion of the printing stroke thedriver and type bar form in effect a rigid bar that turns on the pivotof the driver as a center, a key lever, and-inteunediete connectionslost-ween said driver andkey lever.

47. In; typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar, a guide linktherefor, one end of the guide link being pivoted to a fixed point, andthe other end to the type bar, and a driver which turns on a fixed pivotand which is pivoted to the type bar, the pivotal connection between theguide link and type bar, the fixed pivot of the guide link and the fixedpivot of the driver being substantially in the same plane when the typebar is in the printing position.

48. In a typewritingmaehine, the com bination ed a type bar, a guidelink therefor, one end of the guide link being pivoted to a fixed pointand the other end to the type bar, and e driver which turns on a fixedpivot and which is pivoted to the type bar intermediate of theends'thereof, the pivoted end of the type bar, the fixed pivot of theguide line. and the fixed pivot of the driver being substantially in astraight line when the type her in the printing position.

at?! In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a typebar, a guide link pivoted at one end to one end of the type bar and atthe'other end to a fixed portion of the machine, and a driver that ispivoted to a fixed portion of the machine and to said tips barintermediate of the ends thereof, t

e pivotal end of the type bar, the fixed.

pivot of the link and the. xed pivot of the driver being substantiall ina straight line extending fore and aft 0 the machine when the type baris in the printing position.

59.. In a typewriting machine, the 00111- bination of a universal barand a series of key levers of dille'ent lengths arranged at diflerentelevations from. the universal bar;

the lower edges of the longest levers being nearest the universal her,the lower edges oi the shortest levers being farthest from the universalbar and the lower edges of the remaining levers being at intermediatedis tances from the universal bar.

51. In a typevvriting machine, the combination of a universal bar, aseries of sets of key levers all out of contact With the universal barwhen in the normal osition and With keys therefor arranged in differentbanks fore and aft of the machine, adjacent key levers having their keysin ditlerent banks and being of ditl'ereut lengths and the adjacent keylevers of each set being at progressively greater elevations and atprogressively greater distances from the universal bar from one side ofthe set to the other.

52. in a typeWi-iting machine, the combination of a universal bar, and aseries at sets of key levers normally out of contact with the universalbar and adapted to contact therewith at the last portion of the printi':strokes, each set comprisingfour key lcve i, with their keyserraugcdfour different banks fore and aft of the machine. all of said key leversbeing fulcrumcdiu a single transverse plane, adjacent key lovers of euphset being at progressively greater elevations and at progressivelygreater distances from one side of thesct to the other with the shortestkey lever of each set farthest from the universal bar.

53. In a typcwriting machine, the combination of a series of key loversof dillcrcut lengths, a universal bur, said key levers be ing arrangedin their normal positions at different distanccstrom the universal baraccording to the lengths of the key levers, type bars, and connectionsfrom said key levers to the type bars, the connections joining atdifferent distances from the tulcrums of said key levers.

54. in a typcu'riting' machine, the combination of a universal bar, anda series of key levers of difl'ercut lengths, and all of which dip to asingle transverse plane and which are located normally at differentdistances from said universal bar, the (llfilillll'O dcptuuling on thelengths of said key levers relatively one to another. type bars, andconnections from said key lovers to the type burs. the connectionsjoining the key lovers at diii'erent distances from the fulcrums ot' thekey levers, depending on the lengths of said key levers.

In a typewritingg machine, the combination of a universal bar, and aseries of key levers fulcrumed in a single transverse plane and havingkeys arranged in dilierent banks fore and aft of the maul ine, the keylevers ated from the universal bar being determined by the relativelength of the lever, type bars, and connections from. said key levers tothe type bars, the connections cooperating with the key levers atdifferent distances from the fulcrums thereof depending on the lengthsof said key levers.

56. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a universal bar, aseries of sets of key levers with keys therefor arranged in differentbanks fore and aft of the machine, adjacent key levers having their keysin different banks and-being of different lengths and the adjacent keylevers of each set being at progressively greater distances from theuniversal bar from one sideof the set to the other, type bars, andconnections from said key levers to the type bars, the connectionscooperating with the key levers at different distances from the fulcrumsof the latter depending on the lengths of said key levers.

57 In a typewriting machine, the combination of a universal bar, and aseries of sets of key levers each set comprising four key levers withtheir keys arranged in four different banks fore and aft of the machine,all of said key levers being fulcrumed in a single transverse plane,adjacent key levers of each set being at progressively greater distancesfrom one side of the set to the other with the shortest key lever ofeach set farthest from the universal bar, type bars, and connectionsfrom said key levers to the type bars, the connections cooperating withthe key leversat different distances from the fulcrumsof the latterdepending on the lengths of said key levers.

58. In atypewriting machine, the combination of a series of key leversof different lengths, a series of type bars, and a series of type baractuating devices between the type bars and key' levers, the points ofoperative connection to the intermediate ac: tuating devices from thekey levers being in different planes transverse of the machine and allkey levers of the same length having their points of operativeconnection to the actuating devices in the same transverse plane.

59. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame of themachine, of anauxiliary frame separate from said main frame anddetachably fixed therein, a series of jointed type bars, a series of keyactuated devices therefor, a series of separate key levers for said keyactuated devices, said type bars and key' actuated devices and key.levers being carried by the auxiliary frame so that the jointed typebars, the key actuated devices and key levers may be mounted in orremoved from the main frame with said, auxiliary frame.

60. In a front'strike typewriting machine,

the combination with the main frame of the machine, of an auxiliaryframe separate from the main frame and detachable therefrom, a series oftype bars, a'series of guide links for said type bars, a series ofdrivers, and a series. of keys for actuatin said drivers, said typebars, guide links, drivers and keys being carried by and adapted to bemounted in and removed from the main frame with said auxiliary frame.

61. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the frame of themachine, of a type bar segment separate from the frame of the machine, aseries of separate hangers secured to said se ment, a series of typebars pivoted to said angers, a second se ent separate fromthe frame ofthe machine, a second series of separate hangers secured to said secondsegment, a series ofsublevers pivoted to said second series of hangersand operatively connected to said type bar's, means independent of themachine frame for connecting said segments, and means for detachablyfixing the segments to the machine frame.

62. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame of themachine, of a detachable segment, a series, of guide links carried bysaid segment, a series of type bars pivoted to said links, a series ofdrivers for said type bars, a second detachable segment for saiddrivers, and means independent of the main frame of the machine forconnecting said segments, whereby the type bars, guide links and driversmay be mounted in or removed from the main frame with said se nents.

63. In a typewritlng machine, the combination with the main frame of themachine, of a detachable segment, a series of guide links carried bysaid segment, a series of type bars pivoted to said links, a series ofdrivers for said type bars, a second detachable segment for saiddrivers, a series of key operated type bar actuating devices, a thirddetachable segment on which said type bar actuating devices are mounted,and means independent of the main frame of the machine for uniting .saidsegments,

whereby the type bar, guide links, drivers and type 'bar actuatingdevices may be mounted in or removed from the main frame of the machinewith said segments.

6%. In a typewritin machine, the combination with the main ame of themachine, of an auxiliary frame that is detachable from said main frame,a series of type bars a series of guide links therefor, a series 0drivers for the type bars, and a series of type bar actuating devicesoperatively connected to said drivers, said type bars, guide links,drivers and type bar actuatin devices beg carried by and removab c withsaid auxiliary frame.

65. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame of themachine, of an auxiliary frame that is detachable key levers andconnecting links being car-- from said main frame, a series of typebars,

a series of guide links therefor, a series of drivers for the type bars,and a series of key levers operatively connected to said drivers, saidtype bars, guide links, drivers and key levers being carried by andremovable with said auxiliary frame.

66. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame of themachine, of an auxiliary frame that is detachable from said main frame,a series of type bars, a series of guide links therefor, a series ofdrivers for the type bars, a series of type bar actuating bell cranks,and a series of key levers operatively connected to said bell cranks,said type bars, guide links drivers, bell cranks and key levers beingcarried by and removable with said auxiliary frame.

67. In a typewriting machine, the com-,

bination with the main frame of the machine, of an auxiliary frame thatis detachable from said main frame, a series of type bars, a series ofguide links therefor, a series 'of drivers for the type bars, a seriesof hell cranks, a series of connecting links between said bell cranksand drivers, a series of key levers, and a series of connecting linksbetween said key levers and bell cranks, the type bars, guide links,drivers,,bell cranks,

ried by and detachable from the main frame of the machine with saidauxiliary frame.

68. In a typewriting machine, the-combination with the main frame of themachine, of an auxiliary frame fixed in and detachable fromthe mainframe, a system of printing position.

type actions carried by said auxiliary frame, and an inking pad a 'ainstwhich thetypes normally bear and which is also carried by the auxiliaryframeand may be placed in or removed from the main frame with saidauxiliary frame and type actions.

(59.In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame of themachine, of an auxiliary frame detachable from the main frame, a systemof type bars, a system of key operated type bar actuating devices, andan inking pad against which the types normally rest, saidtype bars,actuating'devices and inking pad being carried by said detachableauxiliary frame and adapted to be placed in and'removed from the mainframe with said auxiliary frame,

70 In a typewriting machine, the corn bination of a type bar, a driverpivoted thereto, the driver contacting with the type bar at the lastportion of the printing stroke and the two parts moving .together as onepart, the construction and arran ement of the parts being such that oneo the -contacting portions on the driver and type bar is adapted to befiled away and thereby efiect an adjustment of the type relatively tothe printing point when the parts are in Signed at the borough ofManhattan, city of New York, in the county of New York, and State of NewYork, this 12th day of May, AKD. 1905.

, ARTHUR V]. SMITH,

Witnesses:

E. M. 'WnLLs, J. B. Dnnvss.

